Antibiotic Use and Alternatives

In modern broiler farming, the shift away from Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGPs) is driven by the global need to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and meet consumer demand for antibiotic-free meat. Historically, sub-therapeutic doses of antibiotics like tetracyclines and bacitracin were standard for enhancing feed efficiency and suppressing subclinical infections. However, current industry standards emphasize antimicrobial stewardship, restricting traditional antibiotics primarily to therapeutic use under veterinary supervision for specific outbreaks, such as necrotic enteritis or respiratory disease.

To maintain productivity without relying on these drugs, farmers are increasingly adopting a “multi-barrier” approach using natural feed additives. The most effective alternatives include probiotics (live beneficial bacteria), prebiotics (fibers that feed those bacteria), and organic acids (like citric or formic acid), which lower gut pH to inhibit pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. Recent 2025–2026 research also highlights the rise of phytogenics—plant-derived compounds from oregano, thyme, and neem—which offer natural antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties that support intestinal health and improve the Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR).

The successful transition to antibiotic-free production depends on the synergy between these alternatives and enhanced biosecurity. While additives stabilize the bird’s internal environment, strict farm management prevents external pathogens from entering the flock. High-tech solutions, such as bacteriophage therapy (viruses that target specific bad bacteria) and precision nutrition, are becoming the new standard. By combining these innovative tools, broiler operations can achieve growth rates comparable to traditional methods while producing safer, residue-free poultry for the market.